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-
-
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- SHAR(1) SHAR(1)
-
-
- NAME
- shar - create shell archives
-
- SYNOPSIS
- shar [ options ] file ...
- shar -S [ options ]
-
- DESCRIPTION
- Shar creates "shell archives" (or shar files) which are in
- text format and can be mailed. These files may be unpacked
- later by executing them with /bin/sh. The resulting
- archive is sent to standard out unless the -o option is
- given. A wide range of features provide extensive flexi-
- bility in manufacturing shars and in specifying shar
- "smartness." Archives may be "vanilla" or comprehensive.
- This manual page reflects shar version 4.0.
-
- OPTIONS
- Options have a one letter version starting with - or a
- long version starting with --. The exception is --help and
- --version which does not have a short version. Options
- can be given in any order. Some options depend on each
- other:
- The -o option is required if the -l or -L option is used.
- The -n option is required if the -a option is used.
- See -V below.
-
- --version
- Print the version number of the program on standard
- output, then immediately exits.
-
- --help Print a help summary on standard output, then imme-
- diately exits.
-
- -V --vanilla-operation
- Produce "vanilla" shars which rely only upon the
- existence of sed and echo in the unsharing environ-
- ment. In addition, "if test" must also be sup-
- ported if the -X option is used. The -V silently
- disables options offensive to the "network cop" (or
- "brown shirt"), but does warn you if it is speci-
- fied with -B, -z, -Z, -p or -M (any of which does
- or might require uudecode, gzip or compress in the
- unsharing environment).
-
- -v --no-verbose
- Verbose OFF. Disables the inclusion of comments to
- be output when the archive is unpacked.
-
- -w --no-character-count
- Do NOT check with 'wc -c' after unpack. The default
- is to check.
-
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- SHAR(1) SHAR(1)
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- -n name --archive-name=name
- Name of archive to be included in the header of the
- shar files. See the -a switch.
-
- -a --net-headers
- Allows automatic generation of headers:
- Submitted-by: who@where
- Archive-name: <name>/part##
- The <name> must be given with the -n switch. If
- name includes a '/' "/part" isn't used. Thus:
- -n xyzzy produces:
- xyzzy/part01
- xyzzy/part02
-
- -n xyzzy/patch produces:
- xyzzy/patch01
- xyzzy/patch02
-
- -n xyzzy/patch01. produces:
- xyzzy/patch01.01
- xyzzy/patch01.02
-
- The who@where can be explicitly stated with the -s
- switch if the default isn't appropriate. Who@where
- is essentially built as `whoami`@`uname`.
-
- -s who@where --submitter=who@where
- Override automatically determined submitter name.
-
- -x --no-check-existing
- Overwrite existing files without checking. If nei-
- ther -x nor -X is specified, the unpack will check
- for and not overwrite existing files when unpacking
- the archive (unless '-c' is passed as a parameter
- to the script when unpacking).
-
- -X --query-user
- Interactively overwrite existing files (DO NOT USE
- FOR SHARS SUBMITTED TO THE NET).
-
- -B --uuencode
- Treat all files as binary, use uuencode prior to
- packing. This increases the size of the archive.
- The recipient must have uudecode in order to
- unpack. (USE OF UUENCODE IS NOT APPRECIATED BY
- MANY ON THE NET).
-
- -T --text-files
- Treat all files as text (default).
-
- -z --gzip
- Gzip and uuencode all files prior to packing. The
- recipient must have uudecode and gzip (used with
- -d) in order to unpack (USE OF UUENCODE AND GZIP IS
-
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- NOT APPRECIATED BY MANY ON THE NET).
-
- -Z --compress
- Compress and uuencode all files prior to packing.
- The recipient must have uudecode and compress (used
- with -d) in order to unpack (USE OF UUENCODE AND
- COMPRESS IS NOT APPRECIATED BY MANY ON THE NET).
- Option -C is synonymous to -Z, but is being depre-
- cated.
-
- -m --no-timestamp
- Avoid generating 'touch' commands to restore the
- file modification dates when unpacking files from
- the archive.
-
- -p --intermix-type
- Allow positional parameter options. The options
- "-B", "-T", "-z" and "-Z" may be embedded, and
- files to the right of the option will be processed
- in the specified mode.
-
- -g X --level-for-gzip=X
- When doing compression, use '-X' as a parameter to
- gzip. The -g option turns on the -z option by
- default.
-
- -b X --bits-per-code=X
- When doing compression, use '-bX' as a parameter to
- compress. The -B option turns on the -Z option by
- default.
-
- -M --mixed-uuencode
- Mixed mode. Determine if the files are text or
- binary and archive correctly. Files found to be
- binary are uudecoded prior to packing (USE OF UUEN-
- CODE IS NOT APPRECIATED BY MANY ON THE NET).
-
- -P --no-piping
- Use temporary files instead of pipes in the shar
- file.
-
- -c --cut-mark
- Start the shar with a cut line. A line saying 'Cut
- here' is placed at the start of each output file.
-
- -f --basename
- Restore by filename only, rather than path. This
- option causes only file names to be used, which is
- useful when building a shar from several directo-
- ries, or another directory. Note that if a direc-
- tory name is passed to shar, the substructure of
- that directory will be restored whether -f is spec-
- ified or not.
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- SHAR(1) SHAR(1)
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- -d XXX --here-delimiter=XXX
- Use XXX to delimit the files in the shar instead of
- SHAR_EOF. This is for those who want to personal-
- ize their shar files.
-
- -F --force-prefix
- Forces the prefix character (normally 'X' unless
- the parameter to the -d option starts with 'X') to
- be prepended to every line even if not required.
- This option may slightly increase the size of the
- archive, especially if -B or -Z is used.
-
- -o XXX --output-prefix=XXX
- Save the archive to files XXX.01 thru XXX.nn
- instead of standard out. Must be used when the -l
- or the -L switches are used
-
- -l XX --whole-size-limit=XX
- Limit the output file size to XXk bytes but don't
- split input files.
-
- -L XX --split-size-limit=XX
- Limit output file size to XXk bytes and split files
- if necessary. The archives created with this option
- must be unpacked in correct order.
-
- -S --stdin-file-list
- Read list of files to be packed from the standard
- input rather than from the command line. Input
- must be in a form similar to that generated by the
- find command, one filename per line. This switch
- is especially useful when the command line will not
- hold the list of files to be packed. For example:
-
- find . -type f -print | sort | shar -S -Z -L50 -o /tmp/big
-
- If -p is specified on the command line, then the
- options "-B", "-T", "-z" and "-Z" may be included
- in the standard input (on a line separate from
- filenames). The maximum number of lines of stan-
- dard input, file names and options, may not exceed
- 1024.
-
- EXAMPLES
- shar *.c > cprog.shar # all C prog sources
- shar -v *.[ch] > cprog.shar # non-verbose, .c and .h files
- shar -B -l28 -oarc.sh *.arc # all binary .arc files, into
- # files arc.sh.01 thru arc.sh.NN
- shar -f /lcl/src/u*.c > u.sh # use only the filenames
-
- WARNINGS
- No chmod or touch is ever generated for directories cre-
- ated when unpacking. Thus, if a directory is given to
- shar, the protection and modification dates of
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- corresponding unpacked directory may not match those of
- the original.
-
- If a directory is passed to shar, it may be scanned more
- than once. Therefore, one should be careful not change
- the directory while shar is running.
-
- Be careful that the output file(s) are not included in the
- inputs or shar may loop until the disk fills up. Be par-
- ticularly careful when a directory is passed to shar that
- the output files are not in that directory (or a subdirec-
- tory of that directory).
-
- Use of the -B, -z or -Z, and especially -M, may slow the
- archive process considerably, depending on the number of
- files.
-
- Use of -X produces shars which WILL cause problems with
- many unshar procedures. Use this feature only for
- archives to be passed among agreeable parties. Certainly,
- -X is NOT for shell archives which are to be submitted to
- Usenet. Usage of -B, -z or -Z in net shars will cause you
- to be flamed off the earth. Not using -m or not using -F
- may also get you occasional complaints.
-
- SEE ALSO
- unshar(1)
-
- DIAGNOSTICS
- Error messages for illegal or incompatible options, for
- non-regular, missing or inaccessible files or for
- (unlikely) memory allocation failure.
-
- AUTHORS
- shar3 is a derived work based on the efforts of:
- decvax!microsof!uw-beave!jim (James Gosling at CMU)
- Michael A. Thompson, Dalhousie University, Halifax, N.S., Canada
- davidsen@sixhub (Bill Davidsen)
- rhg@CPS.COM (Richard H. Gumpertz)
- colas@avahi.inria.fr (Colas Nahaboo)
- bill@netagw.com (Bill Aten)
- dennis%nanovx@gatech.edu (Dennis Boylan)
- wht%n4hgf@gatech.edu (Warren Tucker)
- (other anonymous persons)
-
- man pages:
- jhd@irfu.se (Jan Dj{rv)
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